simpson diversity index activity

Simpson’s Diversity Index Simpson’s Index is one of the simplest calculations that takes into account species evenness within a community. This activity introduces students to the Simpson’s Diversity Index which they may wish to use in the ecological study. registered in England (Company No 02017289) with its registered office at 26 Red Lion %PDF-1.5 %�� The Simpson’s index combines both species richness and species evenness in one number. Many diversity indices have been developed to combine different measures of biodiversity.  Simpson's Index of Diversity (1 - D)  The value of this index also ranges between 0 and 1, but now, the greater the value, the greater the sample diversity. �� >��GQ� Az��v��j�*��V��j��>�כ�l7M ��-��`2? n�ـ6UC�f�/�m�+�6�6��(s�(��j�o. Simpson's Diversity Index is a measure of diversity which takes into account the number of species present, as well as the relative abundance of each species. London WC1R 4HQ. %%EOF Count at least 30 cars in the lot. • Biodiversity provides an aesthetic value that humans find appealing. The coefficient of Simpson’s Index shows an average crop income of US$318 (TZS 503,832), Footnote 1 a one-unit increase in Simpson’s Index, associated with −1.318 unit increase in dietary diversity. As species richness and evenness increase, so … 200 0 obj <> endobj ?�c�ކ��M7�e�@�}%�4��]@��B�FjۨIގ��f�X^�F��1�P �R@��Q#�>�4Z�� t�Ё�cǊ}�)�� :��x�,+�� m�H�=B�@Q@��0`��a@�@� Full usage instructions are in the PowerPoint. h�bbd```b``�"ZA$� ɺL��H�T0�V�&�*�_�I_0�D2*��"��"� ��4�L}��`�:��)�dTL�M��[��g`D�&� �c� This makes the Shannon index and the Simpson diversity (or Gini coefficient) special cases of a more general index. A comprehensive diversity index, the microplastic diversity integrated index (MDII), was established to reflect the complexity of microplastics in the environment and indicate the condition of pollution sources based on the three Simpson indices (Simpson-shape, Simpson-color, Simpson … The calculation is based on the number species in an area, dependent upon richness (number of unique species) and abundance (number of individual species). �h��Ƙ��&��t�q?��%�� &�ݪ��t�W�|�,ڏ��he��Bh��*,�l�M��xq.�G��8��3�tک��/��bTz��X ��sN�s�pA�O��~�� >�F}LE��T��o��qtu� >c+?��'��g�)G,��~8��!R�Z`��STt�#��Q�~�Хq3L�0�"��]��aU~� ya�A��%�06>��Z�5�4:4PU��!>骳5�wR��GDl Two copies exist to allow you to directly compare two habitats at once. The Index of Diversity which AS/A2 level … This method calculates not only the number of species represented in a given habitat but also how well each species is represented; therefore, the method takes into account much more than just species richness. Any advice is greatly appreciated! �s��l��jb�~YmI�\��sj��7Sk��@��8�\W�Ǳ�c?8��c?8��W�e��f��U8�_��5,��)�C�aϣV��+�"��Uk��&�o#��Q�X�� TFK1v40w4�D��qw ��b)�H(?�3Q�M�ӛ�Yո�\�y�X�ߕ��!� s��i��V0E@-�``ܓ��a`��H37@� �e5 Tes Global Ltd is 227 0 obj <>/Filter/FlateDecode/ID[<2D04ED058D99994987CB18E22E3485FD>]/Index[200 54]/Info 199 0 R/Length 122/Prev 121003/Root 201 0 R/Size 254/Type/XRef/W[1 3 1]>>stream Raw data from point quadrats is used. In ecology, it is often used to quantify the biodiversity of a habitat. Ecologists, biologists who study the species in their environment, are interested in the diversity of species in the habitats they study. I found the normal interpretation of this index, but I'm not able to see what's the "mathematical background" of the formula. H��V�n�F}�W�#UD��q/@ ��R�0�>�~�%�V��D%��gf�"�K�mX\��Μ9�{��b2�m7�r��۷��m[.o�\̋�.�Es� Full usage instructions are in the PowerPoint. Practical sheet: Investigating Simpson’s Diversity Index This can be completed in a single lesson. h��X�N#9�?�FY�/-��0@��0"�a�( ��榤��*��\H ��%��U�r��AG"!�p�`�;�$Ji1�&�&F��4�j��q�;FC'X��0�� counterintuitive, you can use Simpson’s Index of Diversity, 1 – D, or Simpson’s Reciprocal Index, 1/D. The Simpson diversity index is a quantitative measure that reflects how many different types are there in a dataset, and how evenly the basic entities are distributed among those types in the data set. Simpson diversity index D= probability that two individuals randomly sampled belong to different species, i.e. Created: Mar 2, 2019| Updated: Apr 3, 2019. An independent learning task designed to provide a full set of notes, complete with separate example question and mark schemes. {4�k�b��p��-�S��N��a�F{E6�N�*��"��;�J�K�}B�]cI��3�1�@��g��n:��A�>��_��*=z;�N��IĐ;�V�1m�Pp��#1��pxv6�k��e�F)�,��VaB_��:A�J�b�?�k��QF+{T��^�%F��f7�&� The Simpson diversity index is a measure of diversity that takes into account both wealth and fairness. Student Activity. In this case, the index represents the probability that two individuals randomly selected from a sample will belong to different species. Two copies exist to allow you to directly compare two habitats at once. This can be completed in a single lesson. For this activity use Simpson’s Index is of diversity. 253 0 obj <>stream  This makes more sense. The Simpson index is a dominance index because it gives more weight to common or dominant species. https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=998412, NEW AQA GCSE Biology - 'Inheritance, variation and evolution' lessons, SAVE 50% Concise A* Complete A Level Biology AQA Spec & Mark Scheme Based Revision Notes / Summary (topic 1-8) and required practical workbook, Ecology: x4 Narrated PowerPoint shows/WMV films on this A-level and IB topic. It takes into account the number of species present, as well as the abundance of each species. Calculating a Biodiversity Index Organize your team so that you collect your data as quickly as possible. Greater the value, greater the sample diversity. Shannon-Wiener index (H) - Similar to the Simpson's index, this measurement takes into account species richness and proportion of each species within the local aquatic community. h�b```c``��r�A��,3�+30� A full copy of the practice exam question (with markscheme), including question sections from the wider syllabus. In this case, a few rare species with only a few representatives will not affect the diversity. This website and its content is subject to our Terms and For this activity use Simpson’s Index is of diversity.. Before you do the survey: Predict which parking lot (faculty or student) you expect to be most diverse and explain why. Discuss in class. Simpson's Diversity Index: Measuring Biodiversity Maintaining biodiversity is important for a variety of reasons: • Diverse communities are generally less susceptible to perturbation (disturbance) than similar but less diverse communities. Simpson’s Diversity Index Another measure of diversity is based on the probability that any two elements selected at random will belong to the same category, i.e. The biodiversity index here is high, 5/5 = 1. In this article, a link is noted between a common family of diversity indices and non‐additive statistical mechanics. Google Classroom Facebook Twitter An interactive Simpsonâs Diversity Index Excel Calculator - this can be used to quickly calculate Simpsonâs Index of Diversity for any habitat with 10 species or fewer. It is tailored for OCR A 4.2.2d, but can be easily adapted for any exam board. Simpson's Diversity Index is a measure of diversity. ��.�p��C�~�N��I;��-�t��\��k�j��~��? The index comes from information science. One is called the Simpson's Index. ENE‑4.A.1 (EK) Species number and relative abundance affect the diversity of a community. A 4 X 4 meter square area in the forest has 1 pine tree, 1 fern, 1 conifer tree, 1 moss, and 1 lichen, for a total of 5 different species and 5 individuals. I'm interested in the derivation of the Simpson diversity index. A community dominated by one or two species is considered to be less diverse than one in which several different species have similar abundance. Procedure: 1. endstream endobj startxref where n i is the number of observations from the sample in the i th of k (non-empty) categories, n is the sample size and p i = n i /n. Simpson's Index (D) measures the probability that two individuals randomly selected from a sample will belong to the same species (or some category other than species).There are two versions of the formula for calculating D. It has a very low biodiversity index of 1/300, or 0.003. bJA�$��pk!l��C��l��s�Ha�#!R9�B3��D9�abg@;�v+]f#p�p��x��ϴ��x��V�~�-&阶��r��K8�5I�x�h��.��iF��~�Y\��}��f��_/F�"�>�tFٴȋ�Sz�=��b�|��S�{�� >��=N$疶;罬��fL��*�b��YiـjIz1N��Ћٴh�f? Since this is counterintuitive, you can use Simpson’s Index of Diversity, 1 – D, or Simpson’s Reciprocal Index, 1/D. Simpson's Diversity Index. 1��טw�G�_� �#��կ�r�Y�(�E��|��Aj�XU�5~��1�S�,��_C�W�{'��_7��{�Q6�P�ȯ[��?��%� � The Simpson Diversity Index ranges from 0 to 1. endstream endobj 201 0 obj <>/Metadata 10 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/Pages 198 0 R/StructTreeRoot 16 0 R/Type/Catalog>> endobj 202 0 obj <>/ExtGState<>/Font<>/XObject<>>>/Rotate 0/StructParents 0/Type/Page>> endobj 203 0 obj <>stream Can you point out any problems in these assumptions? [D Biology Classroom]how to use Simpson’s Index of Diversity (D)? Cover Image By I, Luc Viatour, CC BY-SA 3.0, https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?curid=998412, 1a.-Simpsons-Index-of-Diversity-Practice-Q-MS. &k�6u�d�[� The … endstream endobj 204 0 obj <>stream The lesson includes a full PowerPoint containing learning objectives and keywords, definitions, examples of high and low biodiversity,a fully animated tutorial on how to calculate Simpsonâs Index of Diversity, a practice question and a suggested plenary. For Location B: = 1 - 520 = 1 - 520 = 1 – 0.241 = 0.759 47 x 46 2162 . For Location A: = 1 - 608 = 1 - 608 = 1 – 0.337 = 0.663 43 x 42 1806 . I read the original paper of Simpson, but I'm more interested in an easier explanation (my skills in probability theory are more on an undergraduate level). This index is a measure of the probability that two organisms picked at random from the community will be different species. In soil-living arthropods, activity density, richness and Simpson’s diversity index were significantly higher in ground cover treatments than in the tillage treatment. In ecology, it is often used to quantify the biodiversity of a habitat. Simpson’s Diversity Index can be explained as follows: If we randomly select an individual from a sample with- out replacement and then randomly select another individual from the same sample, what is the probability that the two organ- isms will be of different species? An interactive Simpson’s Diversity Index Excel Calculator - this can be used to quickly calculate Simpson’s Index of Diversity for any habitat with 10 species or fewer. The higher the probability of different species, the higher the diversity. uTl��U� This index combines measures of species richness and species evenness. One of the most common and easiest methods is the Simpson’s Diversity Index. A full lesson teaching Simpsonâs Index of Diversity from scratch. Activity 2: Species Richness and Evenness These activities allow students to model how environmental scientists compare diversity in different ecosystems by using ordinary playing cards as ‘species’ to generate data to calculate Simpson’s Diversity Index. Biodiversity Index Shannan Muskopf May 12, 2018 This activity asks students to sort seashells and calculate the Simpson’s biodiversity index. Simpson’s index is a scale ranging from 0 (no heterogeneity and no diversity) to a maximum close to 1 (high heterogeneity or lots of diversity). Answer the Pre-Lab Questions 2. The index assumes that the proportion of individuals in an area indicate their importance to diversity. 1.1 What does biodiversity mean to you? 0 Simpson’s Index (D) is dependent on the number of species and their relative dominance. Some students find the concept of species diversity quite … Simpson's Diversity Indices. :��܁�-�ɼ($((֓(l�� y)��|^�. Simpson’s Diversity Index . What does the value mean? A community dominated by one or two species is considered to be less diverse than one in which several different species have a similar abundance. It indicates the probability that both organisms in a randomly drawn pair are from different species. 3. We can use Simpson's index of diversity to quantify and compare the diversity of different communities. 9. It takes into account the number of species present, as well as the abundance of each species. A diversity index (also called phylogenetic or Simpson's Diversity Index) is a quantitative measure that reflects how many different types (such as species) there are in a dataset (a community) and that can simultaneously take into account the phylogenetic relations among the individuals distributed among those types, such as richness, divergence or evenness. Square A biologist is comparing species diversity at two sites within Traeth-y-goes sand dunes. BACKGROUND: Simpson's Diversity Index is a measure of diversity. `D` = Simpson's Diversity Index `n` = the number of individuals of each species `N` = the total number of individuals; Worked example. Conditions. The formula for the Simpson's Index is Where: n = number of individuals of each species; N = total number of individuals of all species Activity 1: Biodiversity Discussion. I am relatively new to using formulas in Stata and I want to calculate the Simpson's Diversity Index (Simpson in 1949) for each household (see data below) if this is possible?. Many indices for measuring species diversity have been proposed. This implies that HDDS increases with decreasing rate of Simpson’s Index. The term 'Simpson's Diversity Index' can actually refer to any one of 3 closely related indices. Is tailored for OCR a 4.2.2d, but can be completed in a randomly pair. 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