Copyright 2021. Old cells hang around as we age, doing damage to the body. Margarita Carmen Cansino was one of the biggest movie stars in the world in the 1940s and '50s. The new year once started in Marchhere's why, Jimmy Carter on the greatest challenges of the 21st century, This ancient Greek warship ruled the Mediterranean, How cosmic rays helped find a tunnel in Egypt's Great Pyramid, Who first rode horses? One of Earth's loneliest volcanoes holds an extraordinary secret. Chang-Daz was born in San Jos, Costa Rica, and earned his doctorate in Applied Plasma Physics from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). The electric engine from the widely-owned Soviet Aurika washing machine is commonly repurposed. These include the aerial screw, which led to modern helicopters, and an underwater diving suit that was the precursor to todays scuba gear. 1968. A car is rewired for a digital display in Havana. "Alfonso Caso y Andrade." It's also trying to get clinical trials underway to replicate Cuban scientists findings, per U.S. Food and Drug Administration regulations. Learn more: The Legacy of Dr. George Washington Carver. There is more to the list of famous Cubans than you can fathom. Our final entry jointly honors two pioneers of space: physicist Franklin Chang-Daz, the first Hispanic-American astronaut, and engineer Ellen Ochoa, the first female Hispanic-American astronaut (see her picture on the first page). Mexican inventor Victor Ochoa was also a Mexican revolutionary. Roswell Park is preparing for a clinical trial to test Racotumomab in multiple myeloma, and it's prepping VSSP for three trials -- two in kidney cancer and one in breast cancer. Photo by Desmond Boylan/Reuters RIGHT: Farmer Carlos Frachi invented a crop irrigation system using soda bottles. Though grouping such a diverse collection of people under a single rubric -- particularly the politically expedient but dubious term Hispanic isn't ideal, it does make room to explore their wide-ranging array of backgrounds and accomplishments. (July 9, 2014) http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2892770/. (July 4, 2014) http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/18131/Luis-W-Alvarez, Frierson, J. Gordon. "The Leprosy Bacillus, Circa 1873." Known for: Petite has made major contributions to wireless technologies, including the components of the Smart Grid. When Csar Milstein produced the first monoclonal antibodies in 1975, he not only solved this problem, he became one of the fathers of modern medicine. Cubans wait for the departure of a public bus built from a repurposed semi truck, commonly called ElCamello (The Camel). His all-electronic television system made TV one of the worlds favorite past-times. Occurrences of yellow fever have ramped up in recent years [sources: WHO]. Learn more: Thomas Jefferson: Inventions & Accomplishments. Subscribe to Here's the Deal, our politics newsletter. 2006. This article aims to delve into important inventions and their inventors from the perspective of the SSC CGL/CHSL and Banking examinations. Over time, he worked to develop the daguerreotype, the precursor of modern photography. And while they definitely belong on this list, theyre just the start of the innovators and inventors that kids ought to know. The island nation, hemmed in by a 54-year trade embargo with the U.S., cant exchange goods with one of the worlds largest economies and the largest medical market. The Alvarezes postulated that a giant asteroid or comet hit Earth millions of years ago, causing mass extinctions. Try this: For a cool science fair project, learn to make a model of a steam power generator. He shared the prize with Carl Cori and Gerty Cori (ne Radnitz), pioneers in understanding the catalytic conversion of glycogen [sources: Magill; Nobel Prize; USASEF]. Albert Einstein and Sir Isaac Newton are known as the greatest scientists of all time. On the rooftop of Flauta Magica bar and restaurant, DJ Joan Coffigny spins deep house music. "Cesar Milstein." By isolating a new class of substances called sugar nucleotides, Leloir found the key to deciphering this voluminous backlog of unsolved metabolic reactions. Here are a few basic designs to get you started. Rum And Coke Rum and coke, also known as Cuba Libre, was invented after Cuba gained independence after the Spanish-American War. But, beyond localized ecological concerns over DDT and the vaguer terror of nuclear winter, by the early 1970s we hadn't much considered the potentially global consequences of industry and chemistry. Now, theyre opening Facebook accounts, listing their homes on Airbnb, and watching Netflix. By combining these cells with immortal myeloma cells, Milstein and postdoc Georges Khler produced large amounts of long-lived, identical (monoclonal) antibodies. The thing that struck me most while compiling this list was the devastating effect that political forces can have on science. The electronic DJ duo Pauza, comprising of Zahira Sanchez and Paula Fernandez, play at a restaurant across the street from the U.S. Embassy in Havana. Copyright 1996-2015 National Geographic SocietyCopyright 2015-2023 National Geographic Partners, LLC. From groundbreaking biologists and physicists to innovators in the fields of medicine, botany, and environmental studies, here are 10 game-changing Hispanic scientists you should know about. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1970/press.html, NASA. She became an astronaut in 1991 and flew four shuttle missions. Dec. 8, 1995. He was a gifted artist, but he also invented a wide array of technologies. Shortly after taking power, he legalized private home computers, mobile phones, and DVD players. During World War II, he invented several radar applications, worked on the Manhattan Project and rode in a chase plane during the Enola Gay's Hiroshima bombing. Learn more: Ajay BhattThe Inventor of the USB. Raul Castro, Fidels younger brother, has led the country since 2006. This makes finding one "cure" difficult, if not impossible. In 1985, the British Antarctica survey detected a hole in the ozone layer over Antarctica, and the rest is history [sources: Nobel Prize; Nobel Prize]. March 26, 2002. Cancer is not one disease, but a collection of hundreds of different illnesses. Try this: Da Vinci was fascinated by flying machines. Multiple studies of different populations of people who have had their lower limbs amputated show that the procedure is linked to an increased risk of early death, suggesting either that surgery is a trauma many people don't survive, or that people who submit to this kind of amputation are some of the most vulnerable and at-risk patients in care. May 12, 2014. A new television covers the wall of an old home in Havana. Perhaps theyll be inspired to become famous inventors themselves! All you need to make it is a light rum, Coca-Cola, and a little bit of lime for garnish. Learn more: Thomas David Petite, Readworks. Dictionary of World Biography. Known for: Marconi changed the way humans communicated by developing the first effective system of radio communication. He studied in Mexico and abroad, and made his groundbreaking discovery concerning CFCs during his postdoctoral stint with Rowland at University of California, Irvine. This designation is granted to promising drugs that are not yet licensed in the U.S. Deardoff)." Photo by Ernesto. By 2013, Heberprot-P had been registered in 15 other countries and used to treat more than 100,000 patients. Known for: Though hes often said to have invented peanut butter, Carvers many achievements didnt actually include that popular product. Similar, yet worlds apart; that's this list in a nutshell. (July 3, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/1995/molina-bio.html, Molina, Mario J. Try this: Visit thrift shops to find an old panini press, then turn it into a printing press. 6. "This drug is not some new drug, [and] its been around as long as the others, Colevas said. Learn more: Marie Van Brittan Brown, Black Past. However, most transactions between Cuba and the U.S. are still prohibited, which is why Cuban drugs face additional regulatory hurdles for testing and marketing compared to other drugs developed overseas. Photos by Ernesto Oroza. "Alfonso Caso y Andrade (1896 - 1970)." These animals can sniff it out. "Award Ceremony Speech: Luis Alvarez." Photograph by Greg Kahn, National Geographic, Photographs by Greg Kahn, National Geographic. Wouldnt it have been nice if they all could have been available for testing, and we could have allowed scientific and medical reasons to drive why one or the other came to the market in a particular place, rather than political embargoes?. It can be used as both a treatment for lung cancer patients and a preventive measure for people at high risk of the disease. "Alfonso Caso y Andrade: 1896 1970." Andrs Arturo Garca Menndez, professionally known as Andy Garcia, is a Cuban American actor. (July 7, 2014) http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/iub.1031/pdf, PBS. Invented by researchers at the Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM) in Havana, CimaVax targets a growth factor in cancer cells in a way that can arrest the spread of the disease. She went on to become the first Black female millionaire in the U.S. A small laptop mounted in a 1955 Ford Mercury. Among younger generations, the music scene has taken a turn toward house and electronica. Convit also developed a vaccination against leishmaniasis, a protozoal skin disease linked to poverty and malnutrition. (July 7, 2014) http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1984/milstein-bio.html, Molina, Mario J. Born in 1870 in Washington D.C. to a Mexican diplomat father, Mexia spent many years as a social worker before enrolling as an undergraduate at the University of California Berkeley and discovering her passion for botany. June 9, 2017. Here are a few basic designs to get you started. 1970. 2023 BuzzFeed, Inc. All rights reserved. According to the Smithsonian, Victor Ochoa had a reward of $50,000 offered for his delivery dead or alive to Porfirio Diaz, President of Mexico. Classroom ideas, free printables, and great teacher ideas right here. "The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1988." This happened after years of debates, protests and lobbying by Mexican-American people who had historically been forced to record themselves as Spanish-speaking, having Spanish origin or white on the census. Jenny Marder is a senior science writer for NASA and a freelance journalist. "The Yellow Fever Vaccine: A History." Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers, Lamps made from household items like glass jars and toothpaste tubes. Try this: Protect your stuff by learning how to build your own door alarm. Maldacenas research on the duality of conjecture was so groundbreaking, the participants of a 1998 string theory conference wrote a song to honor him called The Maldacena (sung and danced to the tune of The Macarena. It was the 1990s, after all). That's what makes the medical prominence of Cuba all the more surprising to those who view a free market as an essential driver of scientific discovery. A Julin Acua Gal C Fidel Castro Daz-Balart D Jos Daporta Gozlez E Ernesto Estrada F Carlos Finlay G Alberto Granado M Hctor Maseda Gutirrez Jos Carlos Mills Hilda Molina N Desiderio Navarro P Leopoldo Pando Zayas Javier Perez-Capdevila He tested its efficacy in children against diffuse pontine glioma (aggressive and difficult-to-treat brain tumors) across multiple sites in Canada and the U.S., and found that the drug wasnt effective. "Leprosy Vaccine Scientist Dies, Aged 100." Their flight marked the first engine-powered manned aircraft. After the war, he worked on the first proton linear accelerator and was awarded the 1968 Nobel Prize in physics for his work with elementary particles [sources: Encyclopaedia Britannica; PBS; Sullivan; Wohl]. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. March 2014. Known for: If youre reading this right now, thank Tim Berners-Lee. Breakdancing has become increasingly popular and troupes like the B-Boy dancers, a subset of the Havana Queens dance company, learn moves from YouTube videos. For this reason is it hardly enjoyable for anyone involved, Oroza says. When asked if he regretted not winning the Nobel, Convit reportedly replied that his great regret was not curing cancer [sources: BBC; Chinea; Nobel Prize]. Jony Ive. Symptom reduction remains the only treatment; untreated, the disease has a 50 percent mortality rate. Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. Kids will be astonished! 2004. Havanas first independent electronic music studio was started by DJ Ra. From groundbreaking biologists and physicists to innovators in the fields of medicine, botany, and environmental studies, here are 10 game-changing Hispanic scientists you should know about. Invention/discovery . Innovators and Inventors Andy Ruiz is one of the first to produce 360-degree video in Cuba. Travis Daub is Director of Digital at PBS NewsHour. Milstein and his team developed a technique for the unlimited production of monoclonal antibodies, a type of antibody made by identical immune cells. Yellow fever was wiped out of Cuba as well as Panama, enabling engineers to finally complete the Panama Canal [sources: Haas; PBS; UVHSL]. Invented by researchers at the Center of Molecular Immunology (CIM) in Havana, CimaVax targets a growth factor in cancer cells in a way that can arrest the spread of the disease. The drugs Cetuximab and Panitumumab, which are in the same class as Nimotuzumab but are available in the U.S., can cause unsightly and unpleasant acne-like rashes, while international reports about Nimotuzumab suggest its incidence of rash is a lot lower. Photo by Edel Rodriguez.Read more about Cuban inventions in How communism turned Cuba into an island of hackers and DIY engineers. These drugs aren't as fully developed as CimaVax, says Lee, but they appear to have great potential. (July 4, 2014) http://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/02/obituaries/luis-w-alvarez-nobel-physicist-who-explored-atom-dies-at-77.html, The Telegraph (UK). Alcohol and tobacco use, as well as human papillomavirus, are major risk factors of the diseases. Learn more: Ralph H. Baer, National Center for Simulation. A mans world? She's also done training and curriculum design for a financial institution and been a science museum educator. On weekends, plazas are crammed with bands and dancers showing off their salsa moves. For his work, Milstein shared the 1984 Nobel Prize in physiology or medicine with Khler and Niels K. Jerne [sources: Nobel Prize]. Vol. In a way, we are: The surfaces of our cells teem with a unique array of antigens that identify us and prevent our own immune systems, under normal circumstances, from attacking those cells. 2. It is transmitted by sand fly bites [source: BBC; Encyclopaedia Britannica; Chinea]. "Luis Leloir -- Biographical." She was the first Hispanic president of the American Public Health Association as well as a founding member of the Committee to End Sterilization Abuse, an organization that fought against the practice of forced sterilization. Born in Camaguey, Cuba, in 1948, Adalberto Alvarez was a famous Cuban pianist, musical director, and composer. May 13, 2014. In 2015, Cuba opened up dozens of wifi zones across Havana. Hispanic Heritage Month celebrates the contributions of people from five Latin American countries, including El Salvador, Costa Rica, Guatemala, Nicaragua and Honduras. Photo by Ernesto Oroza. Theater and dance were given to the masses for almost nothing. She was nominated for the position by President Barack Obama. Aug. 08 2001. 1970. Though Jobs went on to become more well-known, he and Wozniak worked together to build the Apple I, the home computer that launched a revolution. "Leprosy Statistics - Latest Data." She was the first African-American female doctor to receive a medical patent. Monoclonal antibodies in the medicine attach to epidermal growth factor receptors on the surface of the cancer cell, thus preventing it from dividing and spreading the cancer. With fans that include Eric Clapton, Derek Trucks, Steve Gadd, Taj Mahal and Quincy Jones, Martinez is the world's first-call rumbero, and a consummate master of Afro-Cuban folkloric music and. Long COVID patients turn to unproven treatments, Why evenings can be harder on people with dementia, This disease often goes under-diagnosedunless youre white, This sacred site could be Georgias first national park, See glow-in-the-dark mushrooms in Brazils other rainforest, 9 things to know about Holi, Indias most colorful festival, Anyone can discover a fossil on this beach. He spent the rest of his career at Cambridge and held dual Argentine-British citizenship [sources: Chang; Nobel Prize; Telegraph UK]. When uncontrolled diabetes causes nerve and blood vessel damage in a persons foot, it can lead to one of the most debilitating complications of the disease: the development of foot ulcers -- deep, red sores that can penetrate to the bone. Known for: If you love a good Netflix binge, thank Philo Farnsworth. He created the N95 respirator mask, which helps keep people safe against airborne viruses. Hes also received a Nobel Prize for his research on bacterial enzyme, which has enabled inventions related to synthesized RNA. Haas, L. F. "Carlos Juan Finlay y Barres (1833-1915)." famous cuban inventions. Vol. Head and neck cancers make up approximately 3 percent of all cancers in the U.S., affecting about 52,000 Americans every year. Ted Cruz is the first Hispanic-American to serve as U.S. To wit: Mark Cuban. Gloria Estefan. Try this: Learn Morse Code and tap out messages to friends and family. Part of HuffPost Wellness. He spent much of his career working for NASAs Jet Propulsion Laboratory, and his innovations in aerospace technology are legendary. (July 7, 2014) http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1388825/Cesar-Milstein.html, USA Science & Engineering Festival. "Csar Milstein." "Nobel Lecture: Polar Ozone Depletion." In 1961, he headed a new molecular biology department in the National Microbiological Institute, but resigned a year later in reaction to Pern's persecution of intellectuals. But back in 1881, when Finlay first presented his extensive research suggesting that mosquitoes transmitted the disease to Havanas Academy of Sciences, he became a laughingstock. Many Cubans have relatives in the U.S., so relying on outside parts is common. Finlay noticed that yellow fever epidemics roughly coincided with Havana's mosquito season, but his mosquito-transmission hypothesis was met with disdain for decades until he convinced American military surgeon Walter Reed (like the hospital) to look into it. "Yellow Fever." dorfromantik switch release; lecture en ligne chevaliers d'emeraude; scorpio rising intimidating; sometimes i feel like a motherless child django; antique wicker repair near me; tupperware mid august brochure 2020; anxiety: a very short introduction; Photo by Ernesto Oroza & Penelope de Bozzi. The groundbreaking promise of cellular housekeeping. Although he was among the 150 educators sacked during Gen. Juan Pern's 1943 military coup, he became one of the most influential physician-scientists of 20th-century Latin America. Jill Staake is a Contributing Editor with WeAreTeachers. In contrast, China has completed or is currently conducting at least 25 Nimotuzumab trials. In Cuba, theres hope that loosening restrictions will help it catch up with the 21st century. 101 JFK Parkway | Short Hills, NJ | 07078 | (973) 921-5500, Protected: Classroom Talk-to-Text Project, Biography of Johannes Gutenberg, German Inventor of the Printing Press (ThoughtCo), Da Vinci-style ornithopter with household items, one of these kid-safe electricity experiments, Thomas Jefferson: Inventions & Accomplishments, learn to make a model of a steam power generator, Louis Daguerre, Inventor of Daguerreotype Photography (ThoughtCo), homemade projector built with a cardboard box and a magnifying glass, these fun assembly line classroom activities, The Legacy of Dr. George Washington Carver.