Forecasting And Time Series Analysis In Tableau, Who Sang With Snoop Dogg At Wrestlemania, Beazer Homes Upgrade Costs, Hunting Group Of Companions Archetype Examples, Vienna Boys' Choir Bus Crash, Articles D

Brown said of her, Ma Rainey was a tremendous figure. [2] Pridgett claimed to have been born on April 26, 1886 (beginning with the 1910 census, taken April 25, 1910), in Columbus, Georgia. Shona: Overview, Language & Culture | Shona People of Zimbabwe. Catholic Mass: History & Facts | What is a Church Mass? Gender Disparities in Healthcare | Biases & Sexism in Healthcare. In 2004, "See See Rider Blues" (performed in 1924) was inducted into the Grammy Hall of Fame and was added to the National Recording Registry by the National Recording Preservation Board of the Library of Congress. Social Dilemma Overview & Examples | What is a Social Dilemma? God in Christianity: Attributes & Depiction | Are God & Jesus the Same? She also collaborated with the iconic Louis Armstrong on tracks like Moonshine Blues. In 1924, she went on a tour of theTheater Owners Booking Association(TOBA) with the Wildcats Jazz Band, which was assembled by Thomas Dorsey. Danny Kay Rainey, Jr. born February 2, 1970 in Owensboro, Kentucky passed away on January 6, 2009 in Colorado Springs, CO. Some of us used to laugh at her, because she was so countryfied. It's true I wear a collar and tie. 1996 Centennial Olympic Park Bombing | Overview, History & Facts. Queen Overview, History & Songs | Who are the Queen Band Members? 1157 lessons. House of Hanover: History & Members | What is the House of Hanover? Hedonism Theory, Types & Examples | What is Hedonism? Though Rainey's vocals were relatively simplistic, the energy and emotion she brought to them made her a success. The Kingston Trio Members & Songs | Who are The Kingston Trio? Alienation Overview & Philosophy | What is Alienation? Echo in Greek Mythology: Origin & Facts | Who was Echo the Nymph? Pyramid Texts Overview & Purpose | What are the Pyramid Texts? Leaning Tower of Pisa Overview & Facts | Where is the Pisa Tower? Orishas: Myths & Beliefs | What are Orishas in African Religions? Following this, in 1935, Ma went back to her hometown and ran three theatres the Lyric, the Airdrome, and the Liberty Theatre. Reflexes & Unconditioned Responses in Psychology | What is a Reflex? Contour Lines on Maps: Purpose & Importance | What are Contour Lines? .css-umdwtv{-webkit-text-decoration:underline;text-decoration:underline;text-decoration-thickness:.0625rem;text-decoration-color:#FF3A30;text-underline-offset:0.25rem;color:inherit;-webkit-transition:background 0.4s;transition:background 0.4s;background:linear-gradient(#ffffff, #ffffff 50%, #d5dbe3 50%, #d5dbe3);-webkit-background-size:100% 200%;background-size:100% 200%;}.css-umdwtv:hover{color:#000000;text-decoration-color:border-link-body-hover;-webkit-background-position:100% 100%;background-position:100% 100%;}Born Gertrude Pridgett in Columbus, Georgia in 1886, the second of five children, Rainey got her start singing professionally as a teenager, performing for the first time in Columbus in 1900 before she began traveling the rural Souths tent-show circuit with vaudeville groups. Rainey also collaborated with Thomas Dorsey, Tampa Red, and Louis Armstrong, and toured and recorded with the Georgia Jazz Band. Viola Davis brings the character to life and the plot also exposes the many trials and tribulations that the black community faced in the 1920s. Oni, Japanese Demon: Origins & Stories | What is an Oni? Old Catholic Church: History & Beliefs | What are the Old Catholics? [1][12] A member of the First African Baptist Church, she began performing in black minstrel shows. Joe DiMaggio Career, Life & Death | Who was Joe DiMaggio? Dianic Wicca Origins & Beliefs | What is Dianic Wicca? Sam Cooke Songs & Biography | Who was Sam Cooke? Congregationalism: Founder & Beliefs | What is a Congregational Church? Ruthenian Catholic Church: Facts & Beliefs | What is a Byzantine Catholic? - Facts, Laws, Pros & Cons, Thomas Nast: Cartoons, Biography & Quotes, Staggered Elections: Definition & Examples, Engel v. Vitale (1962): Summary, Facts & Ruling, Equal Rights Amendment: Definition, History, Pros & Cons, Freedom of Religion: Definition, Amendment & Rights, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community. Chiron Origin & Greek Mythology | Who was Chiron? Polaroid History & Products | When were Polaroids Invented? This content is imported from youTube. Midrash Overview, History & Purpose | What is the Midrash? Christian Mysticism Origins & Beliefs | What is Christian Mysticism? Hutterites Overview, History & Beliefs | Who are the Hutterites? Types of Oligarchy: List & Facts | What are the Forms of Oligarchy? Yoga Philosophy: Origins & Principles | What is Yoga Philosophy? Himeros, God of Sexual Desire: Mythology & Traits | Who was Himeros? Ma Rainey quickly took Smith under her wing. World Athletics History & Purpose | What is the IAAF? Experimental Psychology Overview & Research | Famous Psychology Experiments, Business Communication Overview & Importance | Communication in Business, Identity Management in Communication | Overview, Theory & Strategies. Tower of Babel Story & Significance | What was the Tower of Babel? Oligarchy Facts, Characteristics & Examples | What is an Oligarchy? Etching in Art: History, Process & Examples | What is Etching? Roy Orbison: Family, Songs & Death | Who was Roy Orbison? Theresa Merritt and Whoopi Goldberg starred as Rainey in the Original and Revival Broadway productions, respectively. Rainey said she found "Blues Music" when she was in Missouri one night performing, and a girl introduced her to a sad song about a man leaving a woman. Waldenses History, Beliefs & Facts | Who are the Waldensians? Dan Rainey is on Facebook. Danny traveled with Pa and Ma Rainey in their years as a vaudeville act. London Missionary Society: History & Missions | What was the LMS? Romance Language Overview & History | What are the Romance Languages? Star of David: Overview & Symbolism | What is the Magen David? However, the 1900 census indicates she was born in September 1882 in Alabama, and researchers Bob Eagle and Eric LeBlanc suggest that her birthplace was in Russell County, Alabama. Bio. In fact, growing up at the peak of Jim Crow in the South, Rainey and her fellow performers all faced oppression and racism just as any other person of color would. Michel Nostradamus Life & Predictions | Who was Nostradamus? [10], Beginning in 1914, the Raineys were billed as Rainey and Rainey, Assassinators of the Blues. Her impact went far beyond her songwriting and singing, as she was also an openly bisexual Black woman. Aswan High Dam in Egypt | History, Facts & Purpose, At, Goddess of Mischief | Mythology, Facts & Symbols, Athena vs. Ares | Mythology, Symbols & Battle. Ma Rainey died from a from a heart attack on December 22, 1939. Gods of Fertility Overview & Facts | What is a Fertility Deity? Matins Overview, History & Significance | What is Matins? Septuagint Overview, History & Facts | What is the Septuagint? Apis: Egyptian God Facts & Symbolism | What is Apis the God of? Ocean Fishing Overview, Types & Facts | What is Saltwater Fishing? In 1914, she and her husband began touring as Rainey and Rainey, Assassinators of the Blues. Women's History Month Overview & Facts | When is Women's History Month? Shillings Overview, History & Usage | What is a Shilling? Spiritism Overview, Beliefs & Facts | What is Spiritism? Emancipation Day Overview & Facts | When is Emancipation Day? They often spent their winters in New Orleans, and there she met such musicians as Joe King Oliver, Louis Armstrong, Sidney Bechet and Pops Foster. Atharvaveda Overview & Significance | What is the Atharvaveda? The daughter of minstrel performers, Ma Rainey (born Gertrude Pridgett) got her start as a singer and dancer in stage tent shows. Red Square Overview & History | What is the Red Square in Moscow? But She Broke More Than Musical Barriers", "Who Is Ma Rainey? In 1916, after divorcing Pa Rainey, Ma Rainey kickstarted her solo tour with band, Madam Gertrude and Her Georgia Smart Sets. Colin Kaepernick Biography & Stats | Who is Colin Kaepernick? Preschool Education Teaching, Learning & Ages | What is Preschool Education? 'Ma Rainey's coming to town, the boss blues singer.' And you respect Ma." Mon People: History, Language & Culture | Who are the Mon? Lincoln Tunnel: Overview & History | How Long is the Lincoln Tunnel? Ranking of Nobles: Overview, Hierarchy & Titles | British Peerage System. Purim: Jewish Holiday Facts, Traditions & Importance | What is Purim? Broadway Street in New York City | Location, History & Impact, Trevi Fountain in Rome | Location, Construction & History, Basilica of Maxentius & Constantine | Architecture, Construction & Use. Its like a teacher waved a magic wand and did the work for me. The Amidah Prayer Origin & Significance | What is the Amidah Prayer? Archbishop Role & History | What is an Archbishop? Skinhead Subculture: Origins & History | What is a Skinhead? Fats Domino Music & Career | Who was Fats Domino? Pangu Origin & Significance | Who is Pangu in Chinese Mythology? The Cross: Symbolism, Use & Designs | What Does the Cross Mean? Carmelite Nuns History & Facts | Who Are the Carmelite Sisters? Rainey displayed a talent for singing at a young age and began performing as a teenager. Church of Norway History, Beliefs & Facts | What is the Church of Norway? Rainey has been portrayed in several films including the 2020 Academy Award-winning Netflix film Ma Rainey's Black Bottom. Nicene Creed History & Facts | What is the Nicene Creed? Given Names: History & Purpose | What is a Given Name? He left the touring band in 1926, but is credited in later sessions, including her last in 1928, for the songs "Black Eye Blues," "Runaway Blues . Honorifics Overview & Titles | What are Honorifics in English? Yet Rainey didnt let the conservative social mores of the time restrict her; in fact, in 1928, she recorded a song called Prove It On Me Blues, which included the lyric, Went out last night with a crowd of my friends, must have been women, cause I dont like no men. Though some of her songs describe romantic entanglements with men, others refer to lesbianism or bisexuality. Toiling anonymously in black tent shows with Pa Rainey, whom she married at age 18, she seemed destined for a life of poverty and obscurity. San Fermin Festival: History & Events | What is the San Fermin Festival? Guanyin Overview, History & Legends | Who is Bodhisattva Guanyin? The Thinker by Auguste Rodin | Overview, History & Analysis, Leviathan in Religion & Mythology | Origin, Description & Symbolism. Mortal vs. Venial Sin: Overview & Examples | What is a Mortal Sin? New Georgia Encyclopedia. Sources are unclear on the exact date and circumstances under which Rainey and Smith met, but it was probably sometime between 1912 and 1916. [10] It was also rumored that Smith once bailed Ma Rainey out of jail. Chinese Calligraphy Overview & Facts | Calligraphy in Chinese Art. De Stijl Movement: Artworks & Architecture | What is De Stijl Art? The couple were hard-working, charming, and popular, managing to make a career out of Gertrudes soulful and often funny singing style for more than thirty years. St. Isaac's Cathedral: History & Design | Cathedral in St. Petersburg, Pan-American Highway | Overview, Development & Facts. Yule Festival, Traditions & Facts | What is Yuletide? Uruguay Facts, Population & Language | Where is Uruguay? [42] The portrayals of black female sexuality, including those bucking heteronormative standards, fought ideas of what a woman should be and inspired Alice Walker in developing her characters for The Color Purple. [7], In February 1904, Ma Rainey married William "Pa" Rainey. Callison Hopkins, a certified English/Drama teacher, graduated from Arkansas State University with her Masters in English Education. Incarnation of Jesus History & Significance | What is Incarnation? We may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products we back. Bibliothque nationale de France | Origin, History & Importance. She accepted his proposal, and became "Ma" to his Pa. Contrapposto Pose, Art & Examples | What is Contrapposto? Etruscan Mythology, Gods & Goddesses | Who are the Etruscan Gods? Book of Numbers in the Bible | Origin, Summary & Significance. Ophiuchus: Mythology & Facts | What is Ophiuchus? Arrivant en retard, l'intrpide et . Icarus Overview & Greek Mythology | What is the Story of Icarus? [31], Academy Award winner Mo'Nique played Ma Rainey in the 2015. RICO: Overview, Cases & Charges | What is the RICO Act? Gilles Deleuze Life, Philosophy & Career | Who was Deleuze? General Social Science and Humanities Lessons. Harry Belafonte Family & Career | Who was Harry Belafonte? Christian Science Beliefs & Origin | What is Christian Science? Hebrew Language Origin & History | Who Speaks Hebrew? Kenites in the Bible Quotes & Significance | Who were the Kenites? In 1939, the blues singer breathed her last owing to a heart attack in Rome, Georgia. Cognition Facts, Function & Examples | What is Cognition in Psychology? All rights reserved. Equestrian Statue of Gattamelata | History, Description & Style, Shore Temple of Mamallapuram | Overview, History & Facts, Black Stone of Mecca | History, Description & Location. Charles Finney Life & Beliefs | Who was Charles Finney? Supply Train Overview, History & Facts | What are Baggage Trains? Soon afterwards, she joined a tent show. Ma Rainey was inducted into the Blue Foundations Hall of Fame in 1990, the same year she was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Tyche, Greek Goddess of Success | Origin, Mythology & Role, Nemesis, Greek Goddess of Vengeance | Origin, Mythology & Role, Hard News Overview & Examples | Hard News vs. Soft News. When whites outnumbered blacks not an uncommon occurrence, according to witnesses the overflow sat peacefully in the black section. Order of the Solar Temple | History, Beliefs & Facts, Reconstructionist Judaism | Overview, Origin & Beliefs. Jose Clemente Orozco Murals & Facts | Who was Jose Clemente Orozco? Aztec Religion Beliefs, Practices & Mythology | Religion of the Aztecs. Shortly after beginning her career, [Gertrude Pridgett] met the man who would become her husband. Group of Eight History, Facts & Members | What was the G8? Create your account. Kuwait Facts, Population & People | Where is Kuwait? The June 2012 death of Darren Rainey, an inmate at the Dade Correctional Institution in South Florida, attracted national attention after other inmates claimed he was burned like "a boiled lobster" after about two hours in a shower that guards had modified to punish prisoners. Yom Kippur History & Significance | What is Yom Kippur? Ma Rainey's Black Bottom is based on the true story of the legendary "Mother of the Blues," Gertrude "Ma" Rainey (Viola Davis) and her recording her signature song. Asura History & Mythology | What are Asuras in Hinduism? Along the way, Rainey's boisterous reputation preceded her. Roman Paganism: History, Gods & Beliefs | What was Roman Paganism? A&E Television Networks. Dussehra: Hindu Holiday Importance & History | What is Vijayadashami? Japanese New Year Traditions & Celebration | What is Oshogatsu? Amaterasu Goddess Origin & Significance | Who is Amaterasu? Religion of the Kurdish People | Overview, History & List. Writing Systems Overview & History | Types of Writing Systems, Tanakh vs. Torah Overview & Differences | Jewish Holy Books, The Japanese Kappa | Overview, History & Variations. Capoeira History, Dance & Martial Arts | What is Capoeira? All the while, she remained in control of her own finances, refusing to cede management of her earnings to anyone else. Evzones Overview, History & Uniform | Who are the Greek Evzones? National Security Agency Origin & Purpose | What is the NSA? July Overview, Symbols & Facts | When is the Month of July? Page 18. Vedic Religion: Overview, Origins & Gods | What is Vedism? Enrolling in a course lets you earn progress by passing quizzes and exams. Eastern Woodlands Tribes & Culture | Where are the Eastern Woodlands? Buddhist Meditation: Overview & Practices | What is Buddhist Meditation? Hanafi, Islamic School of Thought: Origin & Beliefs | What is Hanafi? She was also said to be involved with the Friendship Baptist Church. Wife of William "Pa" Rainey and unknown unknown According to her brother, Thomas Jr., at a very early age her talent as a singer was very noticeable. When Gertrude was ten, her father passed away and her mother took a job with the Central Railway of Georgia. Early in 1904, Will "Pa" Rainey, a singer, dancer, and comedian, was smitten by Gertrude's charms. Panpsychism Origin & Theory | What is Panpsychism? In her song titled Prove It on Me, Ma sings, Went out last night with a crowd of my friends. Kimberley Process Certification Scheme: Origin & Purpose | What is the KPSC? Izanagi Origin & Role | Who is Izanagi in Japanese Mythology? Malleus Maleficarum History & Facts | What is the Hammer of Witches? [45] In 1994, the U.S. Post Office issued a 29-cent commemorative postage stamp honoring her. They founded their own band, Rainey and Rainey, Assassinators of the Blues, in 1914. The singer Gertrude "Ma" Rainey, who became known to many through the film adaptation of August Wilson's play, Ma Rainey's Black Bottom, was a pivotal early blues figure, and a transitory . [1] [31], Unlike many blues singers of her day, Rainey wrote at least a third of the songs she sang including many of her most famous works such as "Moonshine Blues" and "Ma Rainey's Black Bottom" which would become standards of the "classic blues" genre. Elite Theory Overview, History & Examples | What is Elite Theory? Pride Parade History & Facts | What is a LGBTQ Pride Parade? With the deaths of her mother and sister in 1935, Ma Rainey retired from the road to live with her brother Thomas in a house shed built for her mother in the historic black community of Liberty District in Columbus, Georgia. [39][40][3], Ma Rainey created what is now known as "classic blues" while also portraying black life like never before. Stoicism Overview & Philosophy | What is Stoicism? Philosopher's Stone History & Facts | What is the Philosopher's Stone? [14] In 1910, she was described as "Mrs. Gertrude Rainey, our coon shouter". Baal God Origin & Biblical Significance | Who is Baal? 4'33" by John Cage History & Facts | What is the Silence Song? The popularity of the radio and recorded music was taking over the nation, and Blues had risen in popularity after Mamie Smith's Blues record of 1920. [11], Pridgett began her career as a performer at a talent show in Columbus, Georgia, when she was approximately 12 to 14 years old. Her parents, Thomas and Ella (Allen) Pridgett, were minstrel performers. Therapeutic Modalities: Overview & Examples | Types of Counseling Modalities, Sociology vs. Mystical Spirituality Overview & Facts | What is Mysticism? Hogmanay History, Facts & Traditions | How is Hogmanay Celebrated? Anat Overview, Mythology & Symbols | Who is Goddess Anat? Satanism Beliefs, Types & Rituals | What Do Satanists Believe? Fragging Overview, History & Examples | What is Fragging? Rightly Guided Caliphs History & Role | What is the Rashidun? Maypole Overview, Dance & History | What is a Maypole? Adopted a son Danny, billed as "the world's greatest juvenile stepper." view all Danny Rainey's Timeline. Channel Tunnel Overview & Facts | How Long is the Chunnel? The Rosary: Prayers & Beads | What is the Rosary? Staff of Hermes: Purpose & Symbolism | What is the Caduceus? China's Three Gorges Dam | Location, Construction & Facts, Christian Religious Symbols | Origin, History & Examples, Analysis of Citizen Kane | Summary, Context & Quotes. Nomothetic vs. Idiographic | Differences, Approaches & Examples. 1 (1923-1924) Album Reviews, Songs & More", Ma Rainey Blues Festival official website, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ma_Rainey&oldid=1137862067, Misprint for "'Fore Day"; another take on JSP & DOCD. St. Patrick's Day Background & Facts | What is St. Patrick's Day? Geodesic Dome Invention & Architecture | What is a Geodesic Dome? Jacob in the Bible: Family & Role | Who was Jacob in the Bible? Her influence stretches from musicians like Bessie Smith to Janis Joplin, to authors, including Alice Walker, author of The Color Purple. In fact, the husband-wife duo joined Rabbits Foot Company, a popular minstrel show at that time. Isfahan Mosque History & Facts | What is the Shah Mosque? Somalia Facts, Population & People | Where is Somalia? Discover her music and biography. Dia de la Raza Overview & History | What is the Day of the Races? Yanomami History, Tribe & Facts | Who are the Yanomamo? Mother's Day Overview, History & Facts | When is Mother's Day? Middle Eastern Religions | Overview, Beliefs & Facts, Nerthus in Norse Mythology | Origin, Family & Role, Pax, Roman Goddess of Peace | Mythology, Family & Role, Mythology vs. Third Way Politics: Overview & History | What is the Third Way? Balto-Slavic Languages: Facts & List | What are Balto-Slavic Languages? To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. Gertrude 'Ma' Rainey - Prove It On Me Blues, The True Story of Ma Rainey's Black Bottom, Chadwick Boseman Lived by Truth and Service, Your Privacy Choices: Opt Out of Sale/Targeted Ads. City Beautiful Movement | Origin, Purpose & Architecture. Jinn Overview, Mythology & Names | What are Jinn? [13] She formed the Alabama Fun Makers Company with her husband, Will Rainey, but in 1906 they both joined Pat Chappelle's much larger and more popular Rabbit's Foot Company, where they were billed together as "Black Face Song and Dance Comedians, Jubilee Singers [and] Cake Walkers". Santera Saints: History, Facts & Symbols | Gods of Santera. Valhalla Mythology & Influence | What is Valhalla? Visual Arts Types, Characteristics & Examples | What is Visual Arts? Chaplain Overview, Types & Functions | What is a Chaplain? New Left History, Facts & Overview | What is New Leftism? Coir Overview, Uses & Facts | What is Coconut Fiber? Secondary Education Grades & Examples | What is Secondary School? But according to The New York Times, a census taken in 1900 lists her birthdate as September 1882 and her birthplace as Alabama. Plutocracy Overview & Government | What is a Plutocracy? While visiting Southern cities, Rainey encountered true Southern Blues music, which she eventually fused with tenets of Vaudeville. Sami History, Language & Facts | Who are the Sami People? Different Types of Christianity | Orthodox, Catholic & Protestant, Cologne Cathedral Overview, History & Facts | Klner Dom of Germany. Empire State Building | Background, Height & Facts. Lost Tribes of Israel: Overview & History | What are the 10 Lost Tribes? Learn about blues singer Ma Rainey. While most sources state that she was born on April 26, 1886, in Columbus, Georgia, some suggest that her birth occurred in September 1882 in . [54], This sortable table presents all 94 titles recorded by Rainey.[55]. Kwanzaa History, Traditions & Principles | Kwanzaa Overview. General Will Overview & Significance | What is Rousseau's General Will? Hanukkah History, Facts & Traditions | What is Chanukah? Little Orphan Annie by Harold Gray | Plot, Characters & Adaptations, Oath of the Horatii by Jacques-Louis David | Composition, Themes & Analysis, Tenets of Critical Race Theory | Overview, Principles & Examples, Thai Language History, Alphabet & Writing | The Language of Thailand. Santería Religion: History, Beliefs & Practices | What is Santería? Performance Art Characteristics & Examples | What is Performance Art? Although most of Rainey's songs that mention sexuality refer to love affairs with men, some of her lyrics contain references to lesbianism or bisexuality,[27] such as the 1928 song "Prove It on Me": They said I do it, ain't nobody caught me. (They would continue to tour together for the next few years). You may be able to find the same content in another format, or you may be able to find more information, at their web site. 1907 1907. Ma Rainey was one of the matriarchs of early 20th century Blues; in fact, she is often referred to as ''The Mother of Blues.'' The couple hit the road, performing song-and-dance routines for a variety of black minstrel troupes that worked under tents. Inspiration for James Bond: People & History | Who is Bond Based On? For some years, she lived in Chicago with her mother and sister. Kaifeng Jews: Overview, History & Synagogue | Judaism in China, Canaanite Religion: Overview & Gods | Religion of Ancient Canaan. Rsultats Oscars 2021 : La liste complte des laurats, de Nomadland Daniel Kaluuya. Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses. Forgery Overview, Laws & Examples | What is Forgery? Social Democratic Party of Germany | Overview, History & Facts, SS Great Eastern | Designer, Construction & History, The Planets Suite by Gustav Holst | Composer, Inspiration & Structure, The Way of the World by William Congreve | Play Summary & Characters. Mayor History, Duties & Responsibilities | What Does a Mayor Do? [32], Toward the end of the 1920s, live vaudeville went into decline, being replaced by radio and recordings. Jewish Religious Clothing | Types, History & Examples. Navratri History, Celebration & Importance | When is Navratri? Book of Amos in the Hebrew Bible | History, Composition & Facts. Fafnir in Norse Mythology: Origin & Role | Who was Fafnir? 29 March 2013. Pongal History, Celebration & Facts | When is Pongal? Botswana History, People & Language | Where is Botswana Located? Benefit of Clergy: Overview & Origin | What was the Benefit of Clergy? Parthenon Marbles: History & Collections | The Parthenon Sculptures, Chesapeake & Delaware Canal | Overview, History & Construction, City of Boerne v. Flores | Summary, Annotations & Facts, Great Stupa at Sanchi | History, Description & Facts, Lotus Temple History & Facts | Baha'i House of Worship in New Delhi. Elohim Translations & Uses | What is the Hebrew Word for God?