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What the cramps feel like: They're sudden and in your belly. 2015;8(1):13-17. doi:10.4103/0974-1208.153120. But your doctor may ask you for a stool sample to test for any infections or viruses that could be leading to your diarrhea. The sensation of ovulation is often described as a dull or sharp abdominal pain that can last just a few minutes or a few days. WebSymptoms of ovulation pain and cramps. Just about every persontrying to get pregnantwants to know when it'sovulation day. The cramping usually precedes vomiting, which offers temporary relief. Some women, however, have mid-cycle pain every month and can determine by the pain that they are ovulating. Keeping a food log can help a doctor diagnose the problem and provide a treatment plan. When youre not in a fertile stage of your cycle, cervical mucus is stickier. Fertil Steril. It goes up and down based on your activity level, what you eat, your hormones, your sleep habits, and, of course, if you get sick. They will also test your FSH and AMH levels, along with estrogen, prolactin, androgens, and thyroid hormones. For example, some people experience digestive issues such as diarrhea, constipation, heartburn, or nausea. This implies your body is attempting to trigger ovulation but is not achieving success. If you experience mild symptoms, you should contact your doctor as soon as possible, so he or she can monitor the situation. Call your doctor if your ovulation pain is severe or it lasts for more than three days. Causes include gas and menstrual cramps. Mood swings, irritability or increased risk of depression may happen during perimenopause. Mild to moderate abdominal pain; Abdominal bloating or increased waist size; Nausea; Vomiting; Diarrhea; Tenderness in the area of your ovaries; Some women who On average, a person with regular cycles tends to ovulate sometime between day 11 and day 21 of their cycle. Ovulation cramps are a sign that your ovary has released an egg. Stomach pain in the morning: 16 possible causes. Pain can be one way to tell that you're ovulating. Some enlargement of the ovaries is normal during fertility drug treatment. This should raise your likelihood of getting pregnant. The uterus and round ligaments stretch as the fetus grows in the womb6. It may get steadily worse over several minutes, then get better, only to grow worse again. Luckily, once you know what to look for, ovulationsigns and symptoms aren't difficult to notice. But not always? If home treatment does not work or the pain is very intense, it is best to see a doctor. The answer is going to take a sec, so pull up a seat. 2021. So, if youre in the mood, it's a decent indicator that ovulation is on the horizon. It can last just a few minutes or continue for a day or 2. Because its an unusual way of tracking ovulation, you wont find many resources and peer support. Macaluso, C. R., & McNamara, R. M. (2012). Every piece of content at Flo Health adheres to the highest editorial standards for language, style, and medical accuracy. Rachel Gurevich is a fertility advocate, author, and recipient of The Hope Award for Achievement, from Resolve: The National Infertility Association. The fluid or blood irritates the lining of your abdomen, causing pain in that area. Don't overexert yourself; take it easy while you recover. By contrast, labor contractions get progressively more intense. Mayo Clinic notes that this approach works best if youre on a monophasic pill, which has the same hormone dose in the three weeks of active pills.. This may be accompanied by an increase in GI symptoms. Many ovarian cysts form after ovulation, then disappear a few months later. Others experience cramping during ovulation. The hormones your body produces after ovulation cause this. Pain in the upper right stomach that comes and goes could signal a problem with the gallbladder, such as gallstones. Korin has been published in 5 Norovirus Symptoms That Can Hit You Really, Really Hard. An ulcer is a sore in the lining of the stomach or intestine. OHSS can be dangerous and even life-threatening. (Day 1 is the day you get your Learn about the. Here are some things you can do at home to feel better: Your doctor will give you instructions on what to watch for and when to contact him. In the second trimester, something called round ligament pain becomes more common (though it can also happen earlier), which causes a pulling sensation or cramps on either side of the uterus, according to the Cleveland Clinic. In these cases, it's important to get checked out by an OB/GYN specializing in fertility issues. Diarrhea isn't necessarily a symptom of pregnancy. Ovulation is when anegg is released from the ovary. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. Drink plenty of fluids, around 10 to 12 glasses a day. Pain medication is available for purchase over the counter or online. Food with soluble fiber, on the other hand, might help diarrhea by absorbing water and adding bulk to stools, dietician Hilary Shaw told WebMD. Gas and bloating are very common problems. Pain in your lower belly can make your mind reel with possible causes. All the facts you need to know, How to check your cervix for ovulation: A step-by-step guide to cervical position. This delay of a few days can lower the risk and severity, without seriously decreasing your chances of a successful pregnancy. The good news is that most couples with fertility challenges will be able to get pregnant with the help of fertility treatments. Bioeng Transl Med. The hormone progesterone rises after ovulation. Trying to Conceive Acronyms and Abbreviation Guide, Here's Why an FSH Test Is Important for Monitoring Your Fertility, Using Laparoscopy for Infertility Testing and Treatment, enlargement of the ovaries is normal during fertility drug, An update on the prevention of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome, Revisiting ovarian hyper stimulation syndrome: Towards OHSS free clinic. WebYes, ovulation can cause diarrhea. She is a professional member of the Association of Health Care Journalists and has been writing about womens health since 2001. SELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. 2017;2(3):238-246. doi:10.1002/btm2.10058. But some time between day 11 and day 21 is quite a long range. Gas. But there are a few common early signs of pregnancy to have on your radar, per the Mayo Clinic: If you know youre pregnant and randomly have diarrhea once or twice, theres no reason to stress about it, Dr. Greves says. Your OB/GYN or healthcare provider will also likely run other blood work during fertility testing, which can help determine why you may not be ovulating. pass large clots. The Embryo Project Encyclopedia. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK549822/ [Accessed September 2022], NHS. Possible causes include injuries, hiatal, Medical News Today has strict sourcing guidelines and draws only from peer-reviewed studies, academic research institutions, and medical journals and associations. Others let you know that ovulation has passed. Int J Fertil. Determining your most fertile timeovulation daycan be tricky, but there are several ways to tell when you're at the most fertile point in your cycle. Timingsex during this period can considerably increase your chances of getting pregnant that cycle. They may affect just one area of the abdomen or spread to the back and legs. If that pain comes mid-cycle, you may be experiencing ovulation pain. Your cervix shifts positions and changes throughout your menstrual cycle. Lower belly discomfort in the middle of your menstrual cycle could simply be ovulation pain the feeling of your ovary releasing an egg. Namavar Jahromi B MD, Parsanezhad ME MD, Shomali Z MD, et al. Ice packs for pain relief are available for purchase online. It's usually on either the left- or right-hand side of your tummy depending on which ovary is releasing the egg. It's more likely normal period cramps, or something else entirely. You may not need to do anything about ovulation pain if it doesn't bother you. You can learn more about how we ensure our content is accurate and current by reading our. During ovulation, an egg ruptures from its follicle in the ovary and enters the fallopian tube. In fact, if you're trying to get pregnant, ovulation pain could be a helpful tool for pinpointing your window of fertility. It is common to suffer from bloating during ovulation typically around days 11 to 14 of your menstrual cycle. Bloating during ovulation may occur due to an increase in the levels of estrogen and progesterone that cause GIT upset and so diarrhea right before period is something many women have in common. Abdominal pain and discomfort can occur throughout pregnancy, according to the Cleveland Clinic. https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/ovulation-pain/ [Accessed September 2022]. McGuire said that diarrhea or constipation during your period usually isnt something to worry about, but if its accompanied by significant pain worse than cramps you might want to see a doctor. Published October 20, 2020. Get pregnant faster by paying attention to these ovulation symptoms. What can cause stomach pain when breathing? A unique and uncommon way to detect ovulation, a ferning pattern looks like frost on a windowpane. Swelling, on the other hand, is when your bodys tissues retain fluid. In fact, research has found that it may not be possible for you even to know the exact day you ovulated. A muscle injury is not a medical emergency. Nature knows exactly how to get you to have sex at the ideal time for conception. Rarely, the pain is severe. Cramping during ovulation is perfectly natural. Last medically reviewed on April 30, 2019, There are many possible causes of upper stomach pain, from gas and indigestion to more serious issues involving the liver or pancreas. PCOS Awareness Association. doi:10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.08.048. All rights reserved. If you track your BBT, you can see when you ovulated.. But symptoms such as persistent pain, heavy bleeding, vomiting, and fevers, should be brought up to your doctor. She received a double B.A. MNT is the registered trade mark of Healthline Media. | How to feel better if you have diarrhea during pregnancy, Diarrhea is basically poop hell. Some causes of infertility worsen with time. A ferning pattern in your saliva is another possible sign of ovulation. Home treatment is not effective for gallstones. Ovulation bloating typically occurs either during ovulation or several days before due to hormonal shifts, as well as sodium and water retention. | What are early symptoms of pregnancy? Some women just simply don't have the pain, and that's okay. Drinks with electrolytes, such as Gatorade, are a good choice. Both conditions can make you feel puffy. Occasionally, this accumulation of fluids (brought on by estrogen spikes and a sodium backup) may be noticeable around the time of ovulation, not just during it. You might experience symptoms of bloating during or before ovulation. Some women use ovulation pain to help them get pregnant or avoid a pregnancy. If you buy through links on this page, we may earn a small commission Heres our process. One super common cause is a stomach bug, which is caused by consuming food contaminated with parasites, bacteria, or viruses4, Dr. Rosser says. (And sometimes, the cause is a mystery, but thats typically NBD if it goes away after a couple days.). But if bloating during ovulation persists or stems from another medical issue (e.g., endometriosis, an ovarian cyst, or polycystic ovary syndrome), make sure to consult a health care provider. Stock up on fiber-filled foods like oats, mangos, and apples to help with diarrhea and constipation during your period. A wide range of digestive disorders can cause periodic sharp pain in the stomach. For most, ovulation bloating tends to resolve on its own a few hours to a few days later. 3 Mild symptoms include: 2 Bloating Diarrhea Mild nausea Mild pain or discomfort in the abdomen Mild weight gain More serious symptoms include: 2 Dizziness Rapid heartbeat In some cases, a small amount of vaginal bleeding or discharge may occur. As mentioned, some people observe other symptoms of ovulation, including: Aside from ovulation bloating and the above symptoms, the secondary signs of ovulation are as follows: If youre trying to conceive, engage in regular sexual intercourse in the five days before ovulation and on the day of ovulation. As long as you have sex every day or every other day within three to four days of your possible ovulation date, youll have had sex at the right time to conceive. The Stomach (Human Anatomy): Picture, Function, Definition, Conditions, and More, The Abdomen (Human Anatomy) - Picture, Function, Parts, Definition, and More. The skins of fruits, beans, potatoes, whole grains, and whole-grain cereal products are all roughage and contain insoluble fiber, according to WebMD. Whats more, some people may be pregnant and crave foods that dont agree with them, which can lead to diarrhea, Dr. Greves says. Illustration by Katie Kerpel. These can be signs of an ovulation-related problem. If you have longer menstrual cycles, ovulation may occur closer to day 21. Rapid weight gain, more than 10 pounds in 3 to 5 days. 1997-2023 BabyCenter, LLC, a Ziff Davis company. Its a nasty stomach bugand cases have been rising since August. After ovulation, called the luteal phase: Estrogen levels drop significantly after ovulation. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy. You may wonder what ovulation feels like so that you can know when ovulation is happening. Ovulation pain. Did you eat something that didn't agree with you? That said, breast tenderness could also be a side effect of fertility drugs. This fertile quality cervical mucus helps sperm swim up and into the reproductive system and typically makes sexual intercourse easier and more pleasurable. Pain that appears only in certain positions, while lifting, or after exercise could be a sign of a muscle injury. Symptoms that may require emergency medical attention include: Sharp, intermittent stomach pain is difficult to ignore, especially when it occurs with other symptoms. Our website is not intended to be a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Facts Views Vis Obgyn. While the exact cause of mittelschmerz is unknown, it is believed that the fluid or blood may irritate the lining of the abdominal cavity, causing pain. It is crucial to drink lots of water during this time. Most people do not even realize that they have them. Discover new workout ideas, healthy-eating recipes, makeup looks, skin-care advice, the best beauty products and tips, trends, and more from SELF. The pain may come and go. Its normal if your menstrual cycle varies by a couple of days each month. After the egg is released, the fallopian tube contracts to help it reach awaiting sperm for fertiliza Again, if its been two days and youre not getting better or youve noticed new symptoms like blood in your poop and/or a fever, its important to contact your doctor. If youre struggling to conceive, and youre pretty sure youre ovulating, dont assume this means everything is working fine. Antacids may help. We include products we think are useful for our readers. As your uterus grows, you may experience sharp, shooting pains on either side of the stomach. Tell your healthcare provider right away if you are experiencing severe pain during ovulation, as this could be a possible symptom of endometriosis or pelvic adhesions. Catching the symptoms early, along with careful monitoring of your treatment cycle by your doctor, can lower the risk of serious complications. Ovulation generally occurs about midway between menstrual cycles; hence the term mittelschmerz, which comes from the German words for "middle" and "pain.". FODMAPs are indigestible carbohydrates that create bloating, stomach pain, and gas. Even if youre not getting your periods, it may still be possible to get pregnant. While you shouldn't overexert yourself, you should maintain some light activity. Find out what you can do with our Health Assistant. Gas is a common problem that usually subsides by itself. Practice Committee of the American Society for Reproductive Medicine. (2019). Abdominal pain can result from problems in the stomach, gallbladder, or large intestine. WebOvulation. This will help determine the best course of action for fertility treatment for you and/or your partner and increase your chances of successfully conceiving. Mittelschmerz symptoms usually subside over a few minutes or hours, but sometimes the pain can stick around for up to two days. People with gallstones may notice that the pain appears a few hours after eating, lasts for 46 hours, and then disappears. Stomach viruses usually clear in a few days, without medical treatment. Here are eight signs and symptoms that ovulation is coming or that ovulation has just occurred. Blood Pressure and Water Regulation: Understanding Sex Hormone Effects within and between Men and Women. The Physiological Society, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 5 Nov. 2012, physoc.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1113/jphysiol.2012.236752.Beat the Bloat. NHS Choices, NHS, 28 Aug. 2019, www.nhs.uk/live-well/eat-well/remedies-for-bloating-and-wind/?tabname=food-and-diet.Mayo Clinic Staff. The term bloating refers to feeling increased abdominal pressure without an accompanying increase in abdominal size. Practice relaxation techniques such as meditation and yoga to alleviate ovulation bloating arising from digestive disturbances. Ovulation pain: Can you really feel yourself ovulating? Ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). But its possible. What is diarrhea? All of this is good news. Pain medication, heating pads, and rest may also help in the short term. Not having ovulation pain doesn't mean you're infertile. If a person experiences vomiting, pale stool, or a fever along with symptoms of gallstones, they should seek emergency medical treatment. However, some people dont get the rise in BBT, even if they are ovulating. Of course, ovulation isnt the only thing that can have your libido soaring. Because these symptoms can also be signs of appendicitis, it's important to call your doctor if the pain is severe or it doesn't go away in a day or two. OHSS is a potential side effect of fertility drugs, particularly with injectables (gonadotropins) taken during an IVF treatment cycle. People who ovulate are mostfertile in the days leading up to ovulation. Sex should be avoided until you feel better. Some causes of sharp stomach pain that comes and goes include: 1. .css-2ahkpt{display:block;font-family:Brandon,Helvetica,Arial,Sans-serif;font-weight:normal;margin-bottom:0.5rem;margin-top:0;-webkit-text-decoration:none;text-decoration:none;}@media (any-hover: hover){.css-2ahkpt:hover{color:link-hover;}}@media(max-width: 48rem){.css-2ahkpt{font-size:1.375rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 48rem){.css-2ahkpt{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}@media(min-width: 64rem){.css-2ahkpt{font-size:1.125rem;line-height:1.2;}}30 Black-Owned Makeup Brands to Know and Love, Why You May Have Cramps After Your Period. If they're having cyclic pain and the diarrhea, then they may want to be evaluated for endometriosis , she said. All rights reserved. They tend to be cyclical. People on TikTok Are Talking About How Excruciating IUD Insertion Can Be, Why You Have Heartburn During Pregnancyand How to Treat It, Youre nauseated, which may lead to vomiting, You pee more frequently than you typically do, You have spotting around the time of your period. It's not a sign that anything is wrong. You might not think you'd be able to feel something so small, but the sensation is real. Birth control pills helps prevent progesterone levels from increasing as much, which can help with stool-related issues during your period. During ovulation, the egg and the fluid, as well as some blood, are released from the ovary. The pain usually subsides after a few minutes or hours, but it may continue for a couple of days. The #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth. Sexual activity may increase your discomfort, and in the worst-case scenarios, may cause ovarian cysts to leak or rupture. If the egg is fertilized and you do become pregnant, your levels of progesterone will continue to rise, Mary Rosser, MD, PhD, an ob-gyn at New York-Presbyterian/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, tells SELF. It may take several weeks to feel completely better. 2021. Women may experience a range of symptoms before and during their period. Diarrhea, abdominal pain, and other gastrointestinal issues are common symptoms of menstruation. Here, we look at why having If youre not ovulating, your progesterone results will be abnormally low. Cutting these foods out of your diet entirely might not be a good idea, though, since they are thought to help with weight management, lower some risk factors for heart disease, and are a source of good bacteria for your gut, according to Healthline. Its unlikely. If you get pregnant, though, your symptoms may be prolonged. Assuming youre of childbearing age, not getting your period at all or going many months between cycles can both be strong signs that youre not ovulating. 2023 Flo Health Inc., Flo Health UK Limited, Ovulation calculator: Figure out your most fertile days, hCG calculator: How to track your hCG levels at home, Pregnancy test calculator: Figure out when a pregnancy test is most accurate, Period calculator: Predict when your next period will arrive, Heightened sense of taste, vision, or smell. When you have wet or egg-white-like cervical mucus, thats the best time to have sex to get pregnant. Your fertility peaks when you ovulate. How to Have a Sick Day When You Cant Actually Call Off Work. How Can I Tell When Im Ovulating? NHS Choices, NHS, 1 May 2019, www.nhs.uk/common-health-questions/womens-health/how-can-i-tell-when-i-am-ovulating/.Welt, Corrine K. Evaluation of the Menstrual Cycle and Timing of Ovulation. UpToDate, 5 May 2019, www.uptodate.com/contents/evaluation-of-the-menstrual-cycle-and-timing-of-ovulation.Foley, Anna, et al. This Drug-Resistant Stomach Bug Can Cause Gnarly SymptomsHeres What to Look Out For, The Myth That French Women Dont Get Fat Is Both Wrong and Harmful, This Simple Morning Habit Can Help You Sleep Way Better at Night. Pain at other times during your cycle isn't mittelschmerz. Heres how to cope as you adjust. This can help your body get rid of the extra fluid. The CDC just issued a warning about shigella infections, which are on the rise. Some people experience ovulation pain, or mittelschmerz, which a brief pain around ovulation. These hormonal shifts may trigger water retention and swelling, not to mention complications in the gastrointestinal tract, resulting in bloating during ovulation. Some people get ovulation pain every month.Research has found that mid-cycle pain (also known as mittelschmerz, German for middle pain) occurs just before you ovulate, which would be when youre most fertile. Try adopting a low-FODMAP diet. Pregnancy can also make the symptoms worse, so your doctor will want to monitor your situation carefully. Can You Have Fertile Cervical Mucus but Not Ovulate? And, unfortunately, medical experts arent sure exactly what causes it, but they have a few theories. Although gas does not cause long-term harm, the pain can range from dull and mild to sharp and severe. Sleep problems are often due to hot flashes or night sweats, but sometimes sleep becomes unpredictable even without them. This means a persons most fertile days will fall somewhere between day 8 and day 21. If youre not ovulating, however, you cant get pregnant. | Is diarrhea a symptom of early pregnancy? Womens Health (Lond). Major food cravings could also rear their ugly head. BMJ. But your bathroom habits may clue you into the state of your G.I. 2005 - 2023 WebMD LLC. Your partner may need to seeN to try Clomid. Tracking this symptom every month can help you get a better sense of your menstrual cycle and learn which times of the month you're most fertile. Also, if youre anxious, stressed, or depressed, you may not notice or have an increase in sexual desire, even right before ovulation. You can track these changes. A doctor can also prescribe medication to treat the pain. Some people also develop a fever or muscle aches. They may prescribe a GnRH antagonist, which will prevent the body's natural LH surge, preventing or delaying ovulation. This can be reassuring, giving you confidence that you didovulate. Cysts in the ovaries are common and usually harmless. What is the latest research on the form of cancer Jimmy Carter has? Women with particularly painful ovulation may find relief by taking birth control pillswith combined estrogen and progesterone, which prevent ovulation. Sometimes, ovarian cysts can cause intermittent pain. Your doctor should take these factors into account before your treatment cycle begins. While constipation is more common in early pregnancy, sometimes the hormonal changes in pregnancy impact people differently and result in diarrhea, Dr. Greves says. Or, your doctor may simply delay administering the hCG trigger shot, a fertility drug that triggers ovulation. in Interactive Journalism from American University. You'll feel the pain on either the left or right side of your abdomen, depending on which ovary released an egg. Ever notice a sharp pain in your lower abdomen that seems to occur randomly? Delaying ovulation to lessen the risk of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome is sometimes referred to as "coasting." What does it mean when you have a sharp pain when you ovulate? Otherwise, see a doctor for a diagnosis and treatment plan. WebOvulation pain is pelvic pain that some women and people assigned female at birth (AFAB) have during ovulation. For instance, maybe you are lactose intolerant but cant get enough cheese. It also stops you from ovulating, and ovulation is what causes progesterone to increase. Diarrhea during your period isnt something to worry about, according to certified nurse practitioner Lois McGuire from Mayo Clinic. All rights reserved. If you're having IVF, any fertilized embryos from the IVF treatment cyclecan be frozen and saved for use during a future cycle. Ovulation pain symptoms may include: Pain on one side of the lower abdomen or pelvis; Light vaginal bleeding or discharge; Nausea, if diarrhea headaches dizziness Each woman experiences menstrual cramps differently. Similarly, A "normal" cycle can be as short as 21 days or as long as 35 days. You can use this change as a way of confirming that ovulation has likely occurred.. Thank you, {{form.email}}, for signing up. You may also be kept in the hospital for careful monitoring until your symptoms lessen. Natural family planning indicators of ovulation. When the test line is darker than the control line, the test is considered positive, indicating that you are likely about to ovulate. Put your feet up. Heating pads for pain relief are available for purchase online. How Viagra became a new 'tool' for young men, Ankylosing Spondylitis Pain: Fact or Fiction, https://eapsa.org/parents/conditions/f-o/ovarian-torsion/, https://www.marchofdimes.org/pregnancy/contractions-and-signs-of-labor.aspx, https://www.acog.org/Patients/FAQs/Dysmenorrhea-Painful-Periods?IsMobileSet=false, https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/gas-digestive-tract, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468117/, https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/mid-menstrual-cycle-pain-mittelschmerz-a-to-z, https://www.womenshealth.gov/a-z-topics/ovarian-cysts, https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/peptic-ulcers-stomach-ulcers. When to see your doctor WebIn contrast, PMS bloating begins after ovulation, potentially starting a week before your period and lasting up to a week after. The pain of ovulation can range from a mild twinge to severe discomfort and usually lasts from minutes to hours. Total caveat alert: Some people have the opposite reaction. You are not your disease, but it is a part of who you are. This is common in people with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS). It is difficult to diagnose the cause of sharp, inconsistent stomach pain based on that symptom alone. This is sometimes a complication of a cyst. She works in house at a reputable private clinic in New York City while also seeing her own clients through her concierge fertility consulting and nursing services business. Once the egg is released, it makes its journey from the fallopian tubes to the uterus. Additional PMS symptoms could include: Breast tenderness or swelling Period-related diarrhea or constipation Abdominal cramping Fatigue Headaches Mood swings and irritability Period-related nausea This test is usually done on day 21 of your cycle. Others, such as food sensitivities, are not medical emergencies. 2004-2023 Healthline Media UK Ltd, Brighton, UK, a Red Ventures Company. Oligovulation is the medical term for irregular ovulation. https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9134-ovulation-pain-mittelschmerz#symptoms-and-causes [Accessed September 2022], Mayo Clinic.