The statistics reported in this bulletin are primarily National Statistics[footnote 1], as drawn from either other published National Statistics bulletins or the data underpinning them. The overall levels of FSM eligibility for the cohort was slightly higher for the young female group (61%) compared to the young male group (57%). Tests for statistical significance are published in the Victims tables alongside this report. The Authority considers whether the statistics meet the highest standards of Code compliance, including the value they add to public decisions and debate. Please note that the data for the Open Data for June 2021 has been amended. In homicides where the principal suspect was known to the victim, 67% of cases with female victims suspected the partner/ex-partner[footnote 21], whereas when the victim was male, only 9% of cases suspected the partner/ex-partner. Report and data for March 2018 published. , Indictable offences are more serious offences that may (if triable-either-way) or must (if indictable only) be passed on to the Crown Court; while summary offences are typically less serious and almost always dealt with entirely in magistrates courts. , Out of court disposals available to the police and CPS in 2019 included: simple and conditional cautions; cannabis and khat warnings; penalty notices for disorder (PNDs); and community resolutions. Females of all age groups were more likely to experience domestic abuse than males. , Fast Delivery PSR (oral) The Criminal Justice Act 2003 removed the requirement for all PSRs to be written. Figure 4.01: Number of arrests, by age group and sex, 2015/16 to 2019/20. The number of TVLEO prosecutions has decreased for both female (down 30%) and male (down 37%) defendants since 2015, although the decrease between 2018 and 2019 was negligible compared to previous years. Overall, of the young offenders sentenced/cautioned, a smaller proportion of young males (80%) had a record of persistent absence compared to young females (85%). Previous data representing ages 16-59 are therefore incomparable to data after April 2017. Youth custody report and data for January 2018 published. The biggest difference between males and females in median days from offence to completion is the 102 days more (25%) for females in fraud offence cases, which can be explained by the 108 days higher offence to charge for females in comparison to males. Figure 4.05: Number of cautions issued, by sex, 2015 to 2019. , The conviction ratio is calculated by dividing the total number of defendants convicted by the total number of defendants prosecuted in the same period. To meet these commitments, all of our statistical publications will: Ensure that the need for major revisions for any series are pre-announced on the Ministry of Justice website. When split by sex, larger percentage decreases were seen over the last 5 years for female adults (25%) and children (31%) compared to males (21% and 26% respectively). 5. Benefit fraud females made up 58% of the 1160 convictions for indictable benefit fraud offences up 2 pp from 2015. The proportion of young females who had been permanently excluded and sentenced to a fine was 9%, compared to 15% for young males, a 6 percentage point difference. Young male offenders had a higher proportion with SEN with a statement[footnote 105] overall (17%), compared to young female offenders (7%). , A permanent exclusion refers to a pupil who is excluded and who will not come back to that school (unless the exclusion is overturned). Between 2015 and 2019, female children saw the largest decline, a decrease of 35% in prosecutions, compared to a 29% decrease for male children that were prosecuted over the same period. Females reported better conditions and facilities than males regarding: having their own cell, clean clothes, clean sheets, relationships with staff and contacting family and friends. In general, the higher the proportion of students who received FSM, the higher the severity of the disposal category. , Lancashire Constabulary and Greater Manchester Police were unable to supply complete data for 2018/19 and for 2019/20 respectively. It draws upon published extracts of human resources records for the police (2019/20), Ministry of Justice (MoJ; 2018/19), Crown Prosecution Service (CPS; 2018/19), Her Majestys Prison and Probation Service (HMPPS; 2019/20), magistracy[footnote 119] and judiciary[footnote 120]. As with adults, the most common offence group was violence against the person, for which 37% of female young people were being dealt with when referred to liaison and diversion services compared to 19% of male young people. To avoid inconsistency in the length of their offending histories, for those with an academic year of 2008/09 their offending data has been considered up to 31 August 2016 and for those with an academic year of 2009/10 it has been considered up to 31 August 2017. Females represented 5% of the prison population and this proportion has remained stable over the last five years. Of all female offenders cautioned or convicted in 2019, 35% were first time offenders, compared to 22% for males. Source: GCSE and equivalent results in England: 2014 to 2015 (revised) Characteristics national tables: Table CH1: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils and the end of key stage 4 by pupil characteristics. This has remained broadly stable since 2015. Please refer to the accompanying technical guide for further details. Monthly statistics on the population in custody of children and young people within secure childrens homes (SCHs), secure training centres (STCs) and young offender institutions (YOIs). The matched cohort data also provided information on the proportion of those sentenced/cautioned that have a history of being persistently absent[footnote 110] from school, have a previous record of being permanently excluded[footnote 111] from school, or have received a fixed period exclusion[footnote 112], at any point during KS4. Police station advice alone accounts for 71% of the workload for both sexes in 2019, increasing from around 60% since 2012. , Bespoke analysis can be found in the Chapter 3: Victims Tables published alongside this report. Figure 4.04: Percentage of Penalty Notices for Disorder issued, by offence and sex, 2019. They are awarded National Statistics status following an assessment by the Authoritys regulatory arm. Of those remanded in custody at magistrates court in 2019, 65% of male defendants were sent for trial or sentencing at Crown Court, compared to 50% of female defendants. Males were serving longer custodial sentence length. Similar proportions are seen in convictions. Adults of both sexes aged 16-24 reported the highest prevalence of personal crime in 2019/20, with the proportion generally /decreasing with increasing age. The median offence to completion for all individual offence groups is higher for females than males except for violence against the person and theft offences. In 2019, 50% of female offenders who were sentenced to custody received sentences of up to and including 3 months, compared to 31% of males and these proportions have been decreasing for both female and male offenders over the last 5 years. Youth custody data - October data published. Figure 3.02: Percentage of adults who were victims of violent crime, by age group, year ending March 2019. , The conviction ratio is defined as the ratio of convictions to prosecutions for a principle offence over one year. Compared to male offenders, a larger proportion of female offenders were prosecuted for summary offences, which may account for this difference. In 2019, 341,000 females (26%) and 968,000 (74%) males were formally dealt with by the CJS, either by an out of court disposal (OOCD) or court proceedings. Female representation among court judges continued to steadily increase, similarly to the last five years (28% in 2016; 32% in 2020). , For the detailed statistics for specific offences used in this chapter, see the Principal offence proceedings and outcomes by Home Office offence code data tool in Criminal Justice Statistics Quarterly: December 2019. Youth custody report: September 2017 published. , Source: GCSE and equivalent results in England: 2014 to 2015 (revised) Main national tables: Table 3a: GCSE and equivalent entries and achievements of pupils at the end of key stage 4 by type of school and gender. separation. A decrease in prosecutions was also seen for Class B drug offences (1,000 fewer), benefit fraud (1,500 fewer) and absconding from bail (1,200 fewer). A proven reoffence is defined as any offence committed in a one-year follow-up period that leads to a court conviction, caution, reprimand or warning within that year or within a further six-month waiting period to allow the offence to be proven in court. In 2019, the most common sentence for this offence was a fine, received by 87% of females sentenced and 90% of males. Police station advice and magistrates court representation constitute the majority of the total crime lower work load (97%). Finally, children from broken common-law unions (84 percent), as well as children from Quebec (87 percent), were most likely to remain in the custody of their mothers, and there is possibly a link between these two results. Crime higher concerns legal representation in the Crown Court and above. Youth custody report for March 2015 published. In 2019, the proportion of children prosecuted for indictable offences that were females was 10%. Of those remanded in custody at Crown Court in 2019, 76% of male offenders were sentenced to immediate custody compared to 60% of females. In 2019, the custody rate for these offences was 46% for females and 72% for males. Statistics show that women are awarded child custody in nearly 90 percent of all cases. The judges and lay people analyzed two mock court cases, including a child. Figure 5.12: Proportion of offenders sentenced to immediate custody, by custodial sentence length and sex, 2019[footnote 58]. Dont worry we wont send you spam or share your email address with anyone. Of all ethnic groups, both White female and White male offenders had the highest conviction ratios[footnote 72] for indictable offences at 84% and 85%, respectively, a trend that has remained broadly stable since 2015. Figure 6.02: Proportion of prisoners serving immediate custodial sentences by sentence length, sex, June 2019. Following past trends, females were disproportionately affected by all forms of intimate violence, according to CSEW data[footnote 13]. Caution data cannot be split by simple and conditional, and data broken down by sex is not available for cannabis and khat warnings or community resolutions, therefore these will not be included in the totals. In homicides with victims under the age of 16, where the principal suspect was identified, 31% of suspects were the parent (males: 21%; females: 42%). It is important to note in the following analysis that there are many young people in the overall pupil population that have the characteristics described and do not go on to offend[footnote 93]. As with PNDs, a larger proportion of female offenders were cautioned for theft offences (19% compared to 10% for males) whereas a larger proportion of male offenders were cautioned for drug offences (27% compared to 13% for females). A higher proportion of young females were suspected as having issues with alcohol misuse, were identified at risk of suicide, self-harm or harm through personal neglect and in need of accommodation, education, employment or training. There is a glossary that explains the definition of each disposal in the technical guide, along with a summary of the data share. Some of the proportions presented in this analysis are based on small sample sizes so care should be taken when comparing results for different genders. Offenders with 1 to 14 previous cautions or convictions accounted for 51% of all offenders in 2019, 86% were male, compared to 14% who were female. 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to G, including English & Maths. The median time from charge for first listing decreased for females (down 12%) but increased for males (up 15%). Figure 5.02: Individuals dealt with formally by the CJS, by sex, 2015 to 2019. , Bespoke analysis from the 2019-20 Her Majestys Inspectorate of Prisons (HMIP) annual report can be found in the chapter tables, published alongside this report. The given number currently represents about . Other sources in this chapter include Criminal Courts Statistics and Legal Aid Statistics. For example, young males receiving more than 12 months in custody were more likely to receive any pass in GCSEs than young females (69% v 64%), whereas the reverse was true for young males receiving 12 months or less in custody. The age distribution of female and male defendants is broadly similar. The conviction ratio has been consistently higher for female offenders over the last 5 years, and was 88% in 2019, compared to 87% for males. In 2019, the highest level of concordance (excluding suspended sentence orders) for both males and females was in custodial sentences, at 89% for males and 79% for females[footnote 55]. Further information on the following topics related to offender management is available online: Substance Misuse Treatment Programmes, Offender Learning, Safety in Custody, Deaths in or following police contact, Discipline in Prison Establishments (Adjudications), Restricted Patients, Home Detention Curfew, Release on Temporary License, Licence Recalls. In June 2019, the number of children and young people up to 18 years old in secure estates[footnote 61] was 885, of which 3% were female. , Fixed period exclusion refers to a pupil who is excluded from a school for a set period of time. As at 30 June 2019, 13% of the sentenced male prison population were serving indeterminate sentences compared to 11% of the female population. Among children, 7.9% of males reported crimes against the person in 2019/20, significantly more than females did (3.7%). Amongst those receiving cautions, discharges and fines, a greater proportion of young female offenders attained 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to C, including English and Maths, than the young male group. The proportion of convicted offenders who were female was 27% in 2019 and has remained stable over the last 5 years. They have been excluded from all analyses in this chapter. Youth custody report for July 2016 published. Publication Child Support for Custodial Mothers and Fathers: 1997 October 2000 The analysis in this report addresses the key subject areas and goes some way to provide an evidence base for monitoring progress and aiding policy making decisions for the future. The custody of children had already been the subject of parliamentary action in 1839. In 2019, the same proportion (98%) of PNDs issued were for higher tier offences for both males and females. As a consequence, care should be taken to ensure the limitations of these data are taken into account. Youth custody data for January 2016 published. HMPPS (excluding NPS) have seen the largest increase in female representation of senior staff, increasing by 10 percentage points, to 45% in 2020. Figure 7.04: Age distribution of male and female defendants, England and Wales, 2019. It is the Ministry of Justices responsibility to maintain compliance with the standards expected for National Statistics. For both young males and young females in the matched cohort, those who were sentenced to custody for 12 months or less had the lowest proportion attaining 5 or more GCSEs (or equivalents) graded A* to G. Figure 7.08 shows that across most disposal types, a greater proportion of young females attained this level than young males. Youth custody report for October 2015 published. We are trialling the publication of this statistical bulletin in HTML format alongside the usual PDF version and we are seeking user feedback on the use of HTML for the publication of statistical bulletins. It covers statistics on arrests and detentions under the Mental Health Act (1983), which are published by the Home Office in the Police Powers and Procedures, England and Wales, year ending 31 March 2020 publication. For example, prisons are either male or female institutions, with prisoners normally placed based on their legally recognised gender. GillespieShields. This analysis compares the genders in the matched young offender cohort, broken down by disposal, educational attainment, pupil characteristics, persistent absence and exclusion. Of the females remanded in custody at the Crown Court for indictable offences in 2019, 80% were White, 10% were Black, 4% were Asian, 5% were Mixed and 2% were Chinese and Other. Youth custody report for February 2016 published. Overall personal crime rates decreased significantly between 2018/19 and 2019/20. Truancy females made up 71% of the 19,600 convictions in 2019, down 2 pp from 2015. Monthly statistics on the population in custody of children and young people within secure children's homes (SCHs), secure training centres (STCs) and young offender institutions (YOIs).. Wed like to set additional cookies to understand how you use GOV.UK, remember your settings and improve government services. 41% of females received a suspended sentence for this offence, compared with 20% of males. Figure 8.01: The proportion of male and female offenders prosecuted for each offence group, England and Wales, 2019. The main source of referral was the police, accounting for 60% of male and 68% of female young people. Youth custody data for April 2018 published. Of the cases where the sex of the individual being detained was recorded, 45% were female and 55% were male. A similar trend was seen in male prosecutions over the last five years, where the number of males prosecuted for indictable offences was 25% lower in 2019 than in 2015. The Ministry of Justice aims to avoid the need for revisions to publications unless they are absolutely necessary and put systems and processes in place to minimise the number of revisions. In accordance with Principle 2 of the Code of Practice for Official Statistics, the Ministry of Justice is required to publish transparent guidance on its policy for revisions.
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